Offering employment only after a negative drug test result. Goal: To decrease the chance of hiring someone who is currently using or abusing drugs.

Testing employees prior to promotion within the organization. Goal: To decrease the chance of promoting someone who is currently using or abusing drugs.

Testing employees for alcohol and other drug use as part of their annual physical Goal: To identify current users and abusers so they can be referred for assistance and/or disciplinary action.

Testing employees who show obvious signs of being unfit for duty (For Cause) or have documented patterns of unsafe work behavior. Goal: To protect the safety and well-being of the employee and other coworkers and to provide the opportunity for rehabilitation if the employee tests positive.

Testing a selected group of employees at random and unpredictable times. Most commonly used in safety and security-sensitive positions. Goal: To discourage use and abuse by making testing unpredictable, and to identify current users and abusers so they can be referred for assistance and/or disciplinary action if needed.

Testing employees who are involved in an accident or unsafe practice incident to help determine whether alcohol or other drug use was a factor. Goal: To protect the safety of employees and to identify and refer to treatment those persons whose alcohol or other drug use threatens the safety of the workplace.

Periodically testing employees who return to work after participating in an alcohol or other drug rehabilitation program. Goal: To encourage and ensure that employees remain drug-free after they have completed the first stages of treatment.